☰

Olfactory Receptor family 1 subfamily A member 1.

Estimated Expression: 73% of the population.

Expression estimate based on data from Verbeurgt et al (2014).

Sequence:

        10         20         30         40         50         60         70         80         90        100 
MRENNQSSTL EFILLGVTGQ QEQEDFFYIL FLFIYPITLI GNLLIVLAIC SDVRLHNPMY FLLANLSLVD IFFSSVTIPK MLANHLLGSK SISFGGCLTQ 

       110        120        130        140        150        160        170        180        190        200 
MYFMIALGNT DSYILAAMAY DRAVAISRPL HYTTIMSPRS CIWLIAGSWV IGNANALPHT LLTASLSFCG NQEVANFYCD ITPLLKLSCS DIHFHVKMMY 

       210        220        230        240        250        260        270        280        290        300 
LGVGIFSVPL LCIIVSYIRV FSTVFQVPST KGVLKAFSTC GSHLTVVSLY YGTVMGTYFR PLTNYSLKDA VITVMYTAVT PMLNPFIYSL RNRDMKAALR 

       310 
KLFNKRISS

Transmembrane Helices:

  TMR7     TMR6     TMR5     TMR4     TMR3     TMR2     TMR1   

V A D K       T   H I D S     T L   I S K S      L H  Q E Q Q  
 V T I   L P R F   V H F   L T H P   G F S    N A L    F D E   
A T Y M   Y T G   Y M M K   L A N   T L C G  M K P I  L I Y F  
 P T V   M V T G   V G L   A N G I   Y M Q    T V S    F L F   
P N L M   Y Y L   S F I G   V W S   A I M F  S F F I  I P Y I  
 Y I F   S V V T   L P V   G A I L   N G L    D V L    I L T   
      S   L H S   I I C L   W I C   Y S D T  S L N A  L L N G  
         G C T S   Y S V   S R P S   A L I    L L F    L V I   
          F A K   F V R I           Y A M A  Y M P N  S C I A  
         L V G K   V T S             A R D                 D   
                      Q F           S I A V                    
    

    UniProt | I-TASSER | AlphaFold | HORDE | GeneCards | ORDB
Odorant EC50 Adjusted Top Antagonist? Aroma Notes
(S)-(+)-carvone -8.54 1 9.6 1  bready, caraway, minty, spicy
geraniol -8 2 9.7 2  citrus, floral, fruity, rose, sweet, waxy
dihydrojasmone -7.24 3 9.8 3  floral, fresh, herbal, jasmine, myrrh, outdoors, spicy, woody
3-methyl-2,4-nonanedione -6.55 3 10 3  burnt, caramellic, fruity, hay
(R)-(-)-carvone -6.15 4 10 4  herbal, minty, spearmint, sweet
3-octanone -5.4 5 9.7 5  fresh, herbal, lavender, mushroom, sweet
3-heptanone -5.29 5 9.5 5  fatty, fruity, green
allyl phenylacetate -5.12 5 9.7 5  honey, fruity, rummy
benzophenone -5 6 9.6 6  balsamic, rose, metallic, powdery, geranium, herbal, plastic, phenolic
1-octanol -5.42 2 0 7  aldehydic, green, mushroom, orange, rose, waxy
(S)-(-)-citronellol -5.03 3 9 3  citrus, fatty, floral, fruity, green, leathery, rose, sweet, terpenic, waxy
5-(5,5-dimethylhexa-1,3-diyn-1-yl)-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran -4.3 8 10 8  
2-heptanone -4.4 5 9.8 5  banana, cheesy, coconut, creamy, fruity, green, herbal, ketonic, spicy, sweet, waxy, woody
benzyl acetate -5 1 8.7 1  sweet, floral, fruity, jasmine, fresh
(+)-dihydrocarvone -4.99 5 8.7 5  herbal, minty, mentholic
(Z)-3-hexen-1-ol -4.05 9 10 9  fresh, green, grassy, foliage, vegetable, herbal, oily, melon_rind, pungent, lettuce
(Z)-jasmone -5.07 3 -  woody, herbal, floral, spicy, jasmine, celery
(R)-3-mercapto-3-methylhexan-1-ol -4.96 10 8 10  passionfruit, currant, blackcurrant, green, fruity
2-octanone -4.37 5 8.9 5  earthy, herbal, natural, weedy, woody
helional -6.59 1 5 1  cyclamen, fresh, green, hay, ozone, watery
heptanal -6.49 1 5 1  aldehydic, cognac, fatty, fresh, green, herbal, ozone
4-chromanone -3.34 5 9.8 5  
allyl heptanoate -3.32 5 9.8 5  sweet, pineapple, fruity, waxy, banana, fusel, cognac, ripe, fermented
2-nonanone -4.33 11 8 11  fresh, sweet, green, weedy, earthy, herbal, fruity, waxy, soapy, cheesy, coconut, dairy, dirty, buttery
jasmatone -4.53 3 -  floral, fruity, jasmine
nonanethiol -3.24 5 9.3 5  
p-cresyl acetate -3.4 12 9 12  narcissus, phenolic, animal
nonanal -5.26 11 6 11  waxy, aldehydic, rose, fresh, orris, orange_peel, fatty, peely
octanal -6.41 11 4 11  aldehydic, citrus, fatty, green, orange, peel, waxy
octanethiol -3.23 5 9 5  sulfurous
nerolidol - 7 2  floral, green, waxy, citrus, woody, fruity, melon
5-(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)penta-2,4-diyn-1-ol -4.37 8 7 8  
1-heptanol -3.01 5 9 5  musty, leafy, violet, herbal, green, sweet, woody, peony, pungent, vegetable, fruity, apple, banana
1-(3-(5,5-dimethylhexa-1,3-diyn-1-yl)phenyl)ethan-1-one -4.45 8 6.5 8  
phenethyl alcohol -4.3 9 6.6667 9  floral, rose, dried_rose, sweet, fresh, bready, honey
4-decenal -5.6 2 4.5 2  aldehydic, citrus, fatty, fresh, green, mandarin, orange, tangerine
1-decanol -3.08 5 8.5 5  aldehydic, clean, fatty, floral, green, orange, sweet, tart, watery, waxy
musk ambrette -2.71 13 9.0299 13  ambrette, musty, seedy, sweet
6-(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)-2-methylhexa-3,5-diyn-2-ol -3.8 8 7 8  
d-limonene -4.73 11 5.3333 11  citrus, orange, fresh, sweet
4-(5,5-dimethylhexa-1,3-diyn-1-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one -3.95 8 6.5 8  
ethyl 2-(3-bromophenyl)acetate -4.8 6 5 6  
methyl (2-methylphenyl)acetate -4.8 6 4.5833 6  
(R)-6-(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)hexa-3,5-diyn-2-ol -5.13 8 4 8  
(E),(E)-2,4-decadienal - 6 14  oily, cucumber, melon, citrus, pumpkin, nutty, fatty, chicken, fried, chicken_fat, coriander, brothy
3-octen-2-one - 6 15  earthy, spicy, herbal, sweet, mushroom, hay, blueberry
(S)-(-)-citronellal -6.66 1 (agonist) 1  citrus, clean, herbal
l-limonene -4.61 2 4 2  terpenic, pine, herbal, peppery
hexanal -3.00 16 6.5 16  aldehydic, fatty, fresh, fruity, grass, green, leafy, sweaty
1-(4-(5,5-dimethylhexa-1,3-diyn-1-yl)phenyl)ethan-1-one -4.44 8 4 8  
hydroxycitronellal -6.25 2 (agonist) 2  floral, green, lily, melon, sweet, tropical, waxy
3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid -3.92 10 4.6 10  cheesy, fruity
citral -5.79 2 1 2  sharp, lemon, sweet, fresh, juicy, lemon_peel, tart, green, citrus, lime, woody, herbal
(-)-carveol -5.79 2 (agonist) 2  minty, spearmint, cooling, green, herbal, caraway, spicy, weedy, plastic, earthy, mahogany
nerol - 5 2  citrus, floral, fresh, green, lemon, lime, magnolia, natural, neroli, spicy, sweet, waxy
(R)-(+)-citronellol -5.08 2 (agonist) 2  citronella, floral, leafy, oily, petal, rose
strawberry glycidate 2 -5.0 17 (agonist) 17  sweet, strawberry, berry, floral, tropical, honey, rose
(S)-6-(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)hexa-3,5-diyn-2-ol -4.62 8 1.6 8  
(S)-3-mercapto-3-methylhexan-1-ol -4.96 10 1 10  passionfruit, currant, blackcurrant, green, fruity
4-vinylguaiacol -4.3 18 2 18  spicy, clove, carnation, phenolic, peppery, smoky, woody, powdery
phenethyl mercaptan -4.72 19 (agonist) 19  rubbery, sulfurous
(E)-anethole -4.7 11 (agonist) 11  sweet, anise, licorice, mimosa, medicinal, spicy
2-pentylpyridine -4.67 11 (agonist) 11  fatty, tallow, green, bell_pepper, mushroom, herbal
estragole -4.62 11 (agonist) 11  sweet, sassafrass, anise, spicy, green, herbal, fennel, phenolic, minty
phenethyl acetate -4.56 11 (agonist) 11  floral, fruity, honey, rose, sweet, tropical
ethylphenyl acetate -4.54 11 (agonist) 11  anisic, balsamic, black, chocolate, cocoa, dark, floral, honey, licorice, rose, sweet
gamma-nonalactone -4.46 11 (agonist) 11  buttery, coconut, creamy, oily, sweet, waxy
ethyl caproate -4.45 11 (agonist) 11  banana, fruity, green, pineapple, sweet, waxy
3-mercaptohexyl acetate -4.42 19 (agonist) 19  floral, fruity, pear, tropical, passionfruit, blackberry, raspberry, blackcurrant_bud
(R)-(+)-citronellal - 4 2  citrus, fresh, herbal
decanal - 4 2  sweet, aldehydic, waxy, orange_peel, citrus, floral
6-(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)hexa-3,5-diyn-2-one -4.8 8 0.2 8  
1-octen-3-ol -4.24 11 (agonist) 11  mushroom
ethyl cyclohexanecarboxylate -4.22 11 (agonist) 11  cheesy, fruity, winey
quinoline - 3.6667 7  earthy, medicinal, musty, rubbery, tobacco
6-(5,5-dimethylhexa-1,3-diyn-1-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one -4.3 8 0.1 8  
celestolide - 3.2 20  ambergris, animal, cedar, musk, woody
linalool -3.4 21 0.7059 21  blueberry, bois_de_rose, citrus, floral, green, rose, sweet, woody
para-anisaldehyde -3.3 21 0.8235 21  sweet, powdery, mimosa, floral, hawthorn, balsamic, vanilla, anise, woody, coumarinic, creamy, spicy
oranger crystals -3.3 21 0.8235 21  sweet, neroli, orangeflower, powdery, honey, floral, orange, naphthyl, citrus
caproic acid -1.67 5 3.3333 5  cheesy, fatty, sour, sweaty
1-octen-3-one - 3 2  earthy, metallic, mushroom
musk tibetene -2.45 13 1.9403 13  fatty, musk, powdery, sweet
musk xylene - 2.6119 20  dry, fatty, musk, soapy, sweet
cosmone - 2 20  ambergris, animal, anisic, cloth, fatty, laundered, musk, powdery, woody
1-(3-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl)phenyl)ethan-1-one - (agonist) 8  
1-(4-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl)phenyl)ethan-1-one - (agonist) 8  
hedione - (agonist) 3  floral, oily, jasmine, green, lactonic, tropical, natural, sweet, fruity, citrus, lemon, grapefruit, woody
isobutyric acid - (agonist) 22  acidic, buttery, cheesy, dairy, rancid, sour
isovaleric acid - (agonist) 22  cheesy, sour, sweaty, tropical
methyl dihydro isojasmonate - (agonist) 3  green, jasmine, floral, fresh, oily, herbal
methyl epijasmonate - (agonist) 3  floral, fresh, petal, magnolia, oily, waxy, sweet, fruity, green
peony acetonitrile - 1 3  peony, floral, geranium, grapefruit, fresh
4-(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)but-3-yn-2-one - (agonist) 8  
muscenone - 0.8 20  animal, musk, soapy
musk ketone - 0.4 20  dry, fatty, floral, musk, powdery, soapy
acetophenone - 0 5  sweet, pungent, hawthorn, mimosa, almond, acacia, chemical
allylbenzene - 0 5  
ambrettolide - 0 20  sweet, soapy, musk, amber, fruity, berry
butyl butyryl lactate - 0 5  creamy, buttery, buttermilk, dairy, cheesy, fatty, waxy, sweaty, green
(-)-camphor - 0 5  
camphor - 0 5  camphorous
capric acid - 0 5  citrus, fatty, rancid, sour
gamma-caprolactone - 0 5  herbal, coconut, sweet, coumarinic, tobacco, creamy, lactonic, green
caprylic acid - 0 5  cheesy, fatty, oily, rancid, vegetable, waxy
cashmeran - 0 20  spicy, musk, woody, clean
cinnamyl acetate - 0 11  sweet, floral, spicy, balsamic, cinnamon
citralva - 0 2  aldehydic, citrus, lemon, metallic
citronellic acid - 0 2  green, grassy, smoky, fatty, floral, waxy, citronella, vegetable, tobacco
coffee difuran - 0 7  cabbage, chicken, coffee, meaty, onion, roasted, sulfurous, cocoa, earthy, fungal, mild, mushroom, nutty
2-coumaranone - 0 5  
coumarin - 0 7  coumarinic, hay, sweet, tonka
p-cresol - 0 12  phenolic, narcissus, animal, mimosa
cyclodecanone - 0 20  
cyclohexanone - 0 5  acetone, minty
cyclopentadecane - 0 20  
cyclopentadecanol - 0 20  musk
cyclopentadecanone - 0 20  animal, greasy, musk, natural, powdery
cycloundecanone - 0 20  
1-(3-(7,7-dimethylocta-1,3,5-triyn-1-yl)phenyl)ethan-1-one - 0 8  
ethyl isobutyrate - 0 5  alcoholic, ethereal, fruity, fusel, rummy, sweet
ethylene brassylate - 0 20  ambrette, floral, musk, powdery, sweet, woody
eugenol - 0 7  clove, spicy, sweet, woody
eugenyl acetate - 0 7  carnation, clove, floral, fresh, malty, spicy, sweet, woody
fenchone - 0 5  camphorous, earthy, herbal, woody
galaxolide - 0 20  floral, musk, sweet
globanone - 0 20  animal, balsamic, cloth, dry, floral, laundered, musk, tobacco, waxy
habanolide - 0 20  animal, cloth, dry, laundered, metallic, musk, powdery, sweet, tropical, waxy
helvetolide - 0 20  musk, ambrette, fruity, pear, woody, floral
2-heptanol - 0 11  floral, fresh, fruity, green, herbal, lemongrass, sweet, coconut, dill
(E)-2-heptenal - 0 11  pungent, green, vegetable, fresh, fatty
2,3-hexanedione - 0 5  buttery, sweet
3,4-hexanedione - 0 5  almond, buttery, caramellic, nutty, toasted
hexanol - 0 5  ethereal, fusel, oily, fruity, alcoholic, sweet, green, pungent, apple_skin
2-hexanone - 0 5  ethereal
hexyl acetate - 0 5  apple, banana, fruity, green, sweet
4-hydroxycoumarin - 0 5  
alpha-ionone - 0 2  sweet, woody, floral, violet, orris, tropical, fruity
isoamyl acetate - 0 11  banana, fruity, solvent, sweet
(1S,2R,5S)-(+)-menthol - 0 7  cooling, mentholic, minty
4-methyl acetophenone - 0 11  hawthorn, sweet, mimosa, coumarinic, cherry, acacia
methyl cinnamate - 0 11  balsamic, cherry, strawberry, sweet
methyl eugenol - 0 7  carnation, cinnamon, clove, fresh, spicy, sweet, warm
methyl furfuryl disulfide - 0 7  sulfurous, coffee, roasted, alliaceous, meaty, liver, onion, garlic, eggy
3-methylcyclotetradecanone - 0 20  
muscone - 0 20  musk, animal, powdery
1-nonanol - 0 7  aldehydic, citrus, clean, dusty, fatty, floral, fresh, oily, orange, rose, sweet, tart, waxy, wet
gamma-octalactone - 0 11  sweet, coconut, waxy, creamy, tonka, dairy, fatty
oenanthic acid - 0 5  rancid, sour, cheesy, sweaty, waxy, fermented, pineapple, fruity
oxacyclohexan-2-one - 0 20  
p,alpha-dimethylstyrene - 0 11  clove, guaiacol, phenolic, spicy, styrene, terpenic
2-pentadecanone - 0 20  burnt, celery, fatty, fresh, jasmine, oily, waxy
8-pentadecanone - 0 20  
2-pentanone - 0 5  sweet, fruity, ethereal, winey, banana, woody, fermented
phenyl acetate - 0 5  phenolic, medicinal, animal, resinous, castoreum, woody, smoky, burnt
(+)-2-phenylbutyric acid - 0 5  
prenyl acetate - 0 5  sweet, fresh, banana, fruity, jasmine, ripe, heliotrope, balsamic
sotolone - 0 7  sweet, caramellic, maple, sugar, burnt_sugar, coffee, brown_sugar, cotton_candy
tonalide - 0 20  amber, ambrette, fruity, musk, powdery, sweet
trimethylamine - 0 2  ammonia, fishy, prawn
valeric acid - 0 5  acidic, cheesy, fruity, milky, sharp, sour, tobacco
vanillic acid - 0 5  beany, brown, creamy, dairy, milky, phenolic, powdery, sweet, vanilla
velvione - 0 20  dry, powdery, musk, amber, civet
lyral - -0.5 5  aquatic, clean, cyclamen, floral, muguet, rhubarb, watery, waxy, woody
pelargonic acid - -1 5  cheesy, dairy, dirty, waxy
amyl hexanoate - -1.1667 5  sweet, green, fruity, estery, pineapple, apple, pear, fatty, waxy, cognac, melon
dimethyl disulfide - -1.1667 7  sulfurous, vegetable, cabbage, onion, malty, creamy
geranyl acetate - -1.1667 7  floral, rose, lavender, green, waxy, herbal, cooling, oily, soapy, citrus, winey, rummy
terpinyl acetate - -1.2 7  bergamot, citrus, herbal, lavender, lime
propionic acid - -1.2333 5  acidic, cheesy, pungent, vinegar
butyric acid - -1.2667 22  sharp, acetic, cheesy, buttery, fruity, dairy, creamy
2,4-DNT - -1.2667 7  
butyl formate - -1.3 5  fruity, plum, rummy, brandy
beta-damascone - -1.3333 7  berry, currant, floral, fruity, honey, plum, rose, tobacco
methyl salicylate - -1.3333 7  minty, wintergreen
octyl octanoate - -1.3333 7  coconut, oily, fruity
androstenone - -1.4333 7  animal, musky
isobutylamine - -1.5 7  cheesy, fishy
l-arabinose - -1.5667 7  
ethyl vanillin - -1.5667 7  sweet, creamy, vanilla, caramellic
propanal - -1.5667 7  alcoholic, cocoa, earthy, nutty, whisky, winey
pyrazine - -1.5667 7  pungent, sweet, corn, roasted, hazelnut, barley
1,10-phenanthroline -3.9 6 -1.6667 6  
n-amyl alcohol - -1.6667 5  fusel, oily, sweet, balsamic, pungent, fermented, bready, yeasty, winey, solvent
benzene - -1.6667 5  gasoline, phenolic, solvent, cinnamon
2-ethyl fenchol - -1.6667 7  camphorous, earthy, humus, mushroom, musty, patchouli, potato, rooty, tea

1.) Dunkel, A.; Steinhaus, M.; Kotthoff, M.; Nowak, B.; Krautwurst, D.; Schieberle, P.; Hofmann, T. Nature’s chemical signatures in human olfaction: A foodborne perspective for future biotechnology. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 2014, 53, 7124–7143.

2.) Schmiedeberg K, Shirokova E, Weber HP, Schilling B, Meyerhof W, Krautwurst D. Structural determinants of odorant recognition by the human olfactory receptors OR1A1 and OR1A2. J Struct Biol. 2007 Sep;159(3):400-12. doi: 10.1016/j.jsb.2007.04.013. Epub 2007 May 25. PMID: 17601748.

3.) Roger Emter, Christel Merillat, Fiona Buchli, Felix Flachsmann, Andreas Natsch. Decoding human olfaction by high heterologous expression of odorant receptors detecting signature odorants. Current Biology, October 10, 2025

4.) Saito N, Yamano E, Ishii A, Tanaka M, Nakamura J, et al. (2018) Involvement of the olfactory system in the induction of anti-fatigue effects by odorants. PLOS ONE 13(3): e0195263. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0195263

5.) Saito H, Chi Q, Zhuang H, Matsunami H, Mainland JD. Odor coding by a Mammalian receptor repertoire. Sci Signal. 2009 Mar 3;2(60):ra9. doi: 10.1126/scisignal.2000016. PMID: 19261596; PMCID: PMC2774247.

6.) Jabeen A, de March CA, Matsunami H, Ranganathan S. Machine Learning Assisted Approach for Finding Novel High Activity Agonists of Human Ectopic Olfactory Receptors. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(21):11546. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111546

7.) Adipietro KA, Mainland JD, Matsunami H (2012) Functional Evolution of Mammalian Odorant Receptors. PLoS Genet 8(7): e1002821. doi:10.1371/ journal.pgen.1002821

8.) Liu, Dobson, Zhang, Sun, Lowe, Liu, Zhuang, O’Hagan (2025) Exploring Linear mono-, bis- and tris-Acetylene Containing Agonists of the Human Olfactory Receptor OR1A1. J. Med. Chem. Article ASAP 2025/06/16

9.) Keiichi Yoshikawa, Naoko Saito (2016) Method for selecting odor-controlling substance EP3305898B1

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11.) Christiane Geithe, Franziska Noe, Johanna Kreissl, Dietmar Krautwurst, The Broadly Tuned Odorant Receptor OR1A1 is Highly Selective for 3-Methyl-2,4-nonanedione, a Key Food Odorant in Aged Wines, Tea, and Other Foods, Chemical Senses, Volume 42, Issue 3, 1 March 2017, Pages 181–193, https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjw117

12.) Shirai, T., Takase, D., Yokoyama, J. et al. Functions of human olfactory mucus and age-dependent changes. Sci Rep 13, 971 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-27937-1

13.) Ahmed, Lucky et al "Molecular mechanism of activation of human musk receptors OR5AN1 and OR1A1 by (R)-muscone and diverse other musk-smelling compounds." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115.17 (2018): E3950-E3958. Web. 29 Aug. 2021.

14.) Silva Teixeira CS, Silva Ferreira AC, Cerqueira NM. Studying Haloanisoles Interaction with Olfactory Receptors. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2016 Jul 20;7(7):870-85. doi: 10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00335. Epub 2016 May 9. PMID: 27092849.

15.) Motoki Yasunaga, Eiji Takai, Shoji Hattori, Kenji Tatematsu, Shun'ichi Kuroda, Effects of 3-octen-2-one on human olfactory receptor responses to vanilla flavor, Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, 2022;, zbac147, https://doi.org/10.1093/bbb/zbac147

16.) Ojiro I, Katsuyama H, Kaneko R, Ogasawara S, Murata T, Terada Y, et al. (2024) Enhancement of transcription efficiency by TAR-Tat system increases the functional expression of human olfactory receptors. PLoS ONE 19(6): e0306029. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0306029

17.) Ichie Ojiro, Ryusei Kaneko, Takahiro Kashiwagi, Ikuo Terada, Kunihide Hoshino, Yuko Terada, Keisuke Ito, Odorants have the potential to enhance the heterologous expression of human olfactory receptors: evidence from ethyl 3-phenylglycidate and its effects on OR1A1, OR11G2, and OR2W1, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2025, 151459, ISSN 0006-291X,

18.) Aya Namba, Naoko Saito, Keiichi Yoshikawa, Ichiro Mori (2015) Search method of urine odor suppressor JP2015211667A

19.) Haag, Franziska et al. “Copper-mediated thiol potentiation and mutagenesis-guided modeling suggest a highly conserved copper-binding motif in human OR2M3.” Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS vol. 77,11 (2020): 2157-2179. doi:10.1007/s00018-019-03279-y

20.) Ligand Specificity and Evolution of Mammalian Musk Odor Receptors: Effect of Single Receptor Deletion on Odor Detection Narumi Sato-Akuhara, Nao Horio, Aya Kato-Namba, Keiichi Yoshikawa, Yoshihito Niimura, Sayoko Ihara, Mika Shirasu, Kazushige Touhara Journal of Neuroscience 20 April 2016, 36 (16) 4482-4491; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3259-15.2016

21.) Ieki T, Yamanaka Y, Yoshikawa K (2022) Functional analysis of human olfactory receptors with a high basal activity using LNCaP cell line. PLOS ONE 17(4): e0267356.

22.) Huiwen Ren, Ruijing Zhang, Haibo Zhang, Che Bian. Ecnomotopic olfactory receptors in metabolic regulation. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 179 (2024) 117403
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